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3D OLED (organic light-emitting diode) HDTVs,such as the 55"model from LG Electronics,are in which stage of the product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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An aging baby boomer population has led to increased interest in developing and marketing products to satisfy the needs of this large market.As a result,moisturizing lotions and creams like Oil of Olay are now repositioned as "age-defying" products.This is an example of which product repositioning action?


A) reaching a new market
B) reacting to a competitor's position
C) trading up
D) changing the value offered
E) product modification

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Consumer advocates believe the practice of downsizing by consumer products firms has resulted in __________.


A) lower product prices for consumers because of lower labor,raw material,and packaging costs
B) a greener environment due to the reduction in the amount of packaging,thereby reducing the amount of waste disposed in landfills
C) fewer product choices for consumers that led to riding prices
D) keeping prices from rising in response to the psychological barriers consumers have developed for downsized products
E) a subtle,deceptive,yet legal practice of disguising a price increase

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is a characteristic of the growth stage of the product life cycle?


A) advertising emphasis switches to primary demand
B) a growing proportion of repeat purchasers to initial purchasers
C) the number of distribution outlets shrinks due to growing inefficiencies
D) profit margins increase as sales increase
E) no new product features are added to maximize profits

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The first step in the sequential building process of brand equity involves __________.


A) developing positive brand awareness
B) creating a consumer-brand connection
C) easing consumers' decision making
D) eliciting the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning
E) establishing a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The second step in the sequential process of building brand equity is to __________.


A) develop positive brand awareness
B) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers
C) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning
D) create a consumer-brand connection
E) reward loyal customer behavior

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Explain the difference between trading up and trading down when repositioning a product.

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Often a company decides to reposition it...

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What aspect of the product/service element of the marketing mix warrants special attention by service marketers?

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Branding-since services are intangible,t...

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Gatorade offers a range of product offerings.The firm uses one name for all its products in a product class.Gatorade is using a __________ strategy.


A) multibranding
B) family branding
C) co-branding
D) dual branding
E) mixed branding

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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What is multiproduct branding? What are its advantages? Disadvantages?

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Multiproduct branding occurs when a comp...

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What is the difference between multiproduct branding and multibrand strategies? What advantages are offered by each of these two approaches?

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The manufacturer may use either a multip...

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When the National Cattlemen's Beef Association developed the "Beef,It's What's for Dinner" advertising campaign,it was trying to stimulate __________ demand.


A) selective
B) generic
C) derived
D) primary
E) secondary

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Profits tend to consume a disproportionate share of management and financial resources relative to their worth throughout which stage of the product life cycle?


A) innovation
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The strategy of trading down involves __________.


A) adding product features but using lower quality product materials
B) reducing product features and but using higher quality product materials or ingredients
C) reducing the number of features,quality,or price of a product
D) seeking a less price-sensitive target market
E) changing to a mass merchandiser retailer like Wal-Mart or Target

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Reducing the number of features,qualities,or price when repositioning a product is referred to as __________.


A) product paring
B) trading down
C) down trading
D) product deflation
E) product simplification

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The product life cycle refers to __________.


A) the average life span of a product
B) a concept that describes the stages a new product goes through from product concept to commercialization
C) a concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-early growth,accelerated development,maturity,and decline
D) a concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-introduction,growth,maturity,and decline
E) the amount of time it takes a product innovation to completely diffuse in the marketplace

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Private branding refers to a branding strategy in which a firm __________.


A) gives each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment
B) uses different brand names for the same product across multiple countries
C) uses one name for all its products in a product class
D) produces products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer
E) contractually,and for a fee,allows other firms to use its brand name,requiring that the product be made to its specifications

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The use of brand names is especially important for services because of which unique characteristic of services?


A) inventory costs
B) inseparability
C) inconsistency
D) invisibility
E) intangibility

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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During the maturity stage of the product life cycle,profit declines PRIMARILY because __________.


A) there are fewer and fewer competitors in the market
B) promotional expenditures increase
C) production costs increase the more a firm has to manufacture the same product
D) there is fierce price competition among sellers
E) more consumers enter the market seeking bargains

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Managers often use two special indexes to help identify strong and weak market segments in order to provide direction for marketing efforts.One of these indexes is the CDI or __________.


A) category development index
B) consumer development index
C) competitive development index
D) channel development index
E) customization development index

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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