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The shelter rule applies even if the transferee was a party to fraud or illegality affecting the instrument.

A) True
B) False

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Tony is fraudulently induced to issue a check to Rita.Tony has:


A) a claim to ownership of the check.
B) a defense to Rita's demand for payment.
C) neither a claim nor a defense.
D) both a claim and a defense.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The principal advantage of negotiable instruments is the safety.

A) True
B) False

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Negotiability is destroyed by a qualified indorsement.

A) True
B) False

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Defenses that may be asserted against a holder in due course are called:


A) personal defenses.
B) real defenses.
C) special defenses.
D) holder in due course defenses.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Abby needs some quick cash,so she hits upon a scheme.She tells Frank that she is collecting for foreign refugees,so Frank makes out a check for $100 payable to the order of Abby.Abby indorses it and delivers it to Joanne for $90 cash.Joanne gives it to Margaret as a present.Frank discovers Abby's deception and refuses to pay Margaret.Will he win?


A) No,because Margaret is a holder in due course
B) No,because of the shelter rule
C) Yes,since Margaret did not take the check for value
D) Yes,since the check was not negotiated to Margaret

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A holder in due course has the same rights under a consumer credit contract as under the UCC as long as a special notice requirement has been met.

A) True
B) False

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Revised Article 3 adopts a definition of good faith that has both a subjective and an objective component.

A) True
B) False

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What is the effect of an alteration on a negotiable instrument? Does it make a difference whether the alteration was made fraudulently?

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An alteration is an unauthorized change ...

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A bank "gives value" when it allows a depositor to withdraw funds against a deposited item.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is required regarding indorsements?


A) An indorsement must be written on the back side of the instrument.
B) There must be compliance with Federal Reserve Board guidelines in order for the instrument to be negotiable.
C) An indorsement must be written on the instrument or on a paper affixed to the instrument.
D) An indorsement must be dated.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Scott buys a television from Kacey's Electronics,giving Kacey a check for $550.Kacey uses a special indorsement and negotiates the check to Rory.Rory carefully changes the amount to read $1550 and loses the check on the way to the bank.Harry picks it up and tries to cash it.What will he get?


A) Scott will have to pay him $550.
B) Kacey will have to pay him $550.
C) Rory will have to pay him $1550.
D) No one will have to pay Harry.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A person is never entitled to enforce an instrument if that person is not the owner of the instrument or if that person is in wrongful possession of the instrument.

A) True
B) False

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False

Which one of the following is not a personal defense?


A) Infancy,to the extent that it is a defense to a simple contract
B) Breach of contract
C) Non-delivery of an instrument
D) Failure of consideration

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Real defenses include all but which of the following?


A) Forgery of instrument
B) Minority of maker
C) Material alteration
D) Theft of bearer paper

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Cynthia Todd is the holder of a check with the indorsement "Judd Solomon." To protect herself,Cynthia may:


A) convert the special indorsement to a blank indorsement.
B) convert the special indorsement to a qualified indorsement.
C) write above Judd's signature,"Pay Cynthia Todd."
D) not convert the indorsements,but could only protect her interest in the check by depositing it in her account as soon as possible.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A(n) ____ indorsement is an indorsement made by a person that is not the holder of the instrument.The effect of this indorsement is to make the signer liable on the instrument as an indorser.


A) anomalous
B) blank
C) unqualified
D) special

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Revised Article 3 provides that the impostor rule does not include an impostor who impersonates an agent of a principal and who induces someone to create a negotiable instrument payable to the principal.

A) True
B) False

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False

A person who takes a check stamped "NSF" may still be a holder in due course.

A) True
B) False

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False

If Aubree indorses a check "without recourse":


A) Aubree is not contractually liable if the check is not paid.
B) negotiability is destroyed.
C) the check cannot be transferred.
D) Aubree cannot transfer good title to the check.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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