Question 1

Some people are affected by minor stresses. According to Sacks and Bugental, this may be due to

Accepted Answer

A)   self-focus and self-blame.
B)   negative experiences.
C)   cognitive and behavioural consequences and depressed mood.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Dwayne believes that smiling during lectures helps him get better grades than he would otherwise get. Jake believes that smiling has no effect. Which of the following statements about Dwayne and Jake is most reasonable?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dwayne is more likely to be depressed than Jake.
B)   Jake is more likely to be depressed than Dwayne.
C)   Dwayne makes more social cognitions than Jake.
D)   Jake makes more social cognitions than Dwayne.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

A)   group polarization
B)   hindsight bias
C)   illusory correlations
D)   clinical judgmentsE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Some clinicians' continuous confidence in uninformative tests may be due to

Accepted Answer

A)   the inoculation effect.
B)   learned helplessness.
C)   the representativeness heuristic.
D)   illusory correlation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is the best predictor of overall happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)   a satisfying job
B)   satisfaction with finances
C)   satisfaction with one's community
D)   satisfaction with marriageE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Chapman and Chapman had university students and professional clinicians study the relationship between patients' test performances and diagnoses. They found that

Accepted Answer

A)   if students or clinicians expected a particular association, they perceived it, regardless of whether the data was supportive.
B)   students and clinicians only saw relationships that were indeed supported by the data.
C)   professional clinicians were more accurate than students in assessing relationships.
D)   students and clinicians only recognized positive relationships if the actual correlations were greater than 0.75.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Research has reported that newlywed couples who become angry while discussing problems

Accepted Answer

A)   experience catharsis and better long-term relationships with their spouses.
B)   are subsequently more susceptible to problems of depression and loneliness.
C)   suffer more immune system suppression the next day.
D)   are more prone to develop colon cancer in the subsequent six months.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

found that longevity could be predicted from records of ____________ at age 11.

Accepted Answer

A)   height
B)   self-esteem
C)   intelligence
D)   attractivenessE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In the industrialized world, at least half of all deaths are linked with

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviour.
B)   aspartame.
C)   smoking.
D)   alcohol.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable, global, and internal is a ___________ explanatory style.

Accepted Answer

A)   negative
B)   positive
C)   realistic
D)   repressiveE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Shy people tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   make a bad first impression.
B)   overpersonalize social situations.
C)   become well liked over time.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Freudian therapists who expect to find evidence of early childhood traumas are likely to uncover such experiences among clients who are

Accepted Answer

A)   gay males.
B)   healthy, successful adults.
C)   none of the choices are correct.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Discuss the way in which depressive realism and explanatory style influence depression.

Accepted Answer

Depressive realism and explanatory style...

Question 14

According to the text, shyness is a form of ____________ characterized by self-consciousness and worry about what others think.

Accepted Answer

A)   loneliness
B)   social anxiety
C)   depression
D)   social incompetenceE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

You are trying to explain to a friend the concept of the vicious cycle of depression. To which mutual acquaintance will you refer to illustrate the concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sandra, who has felt worthless ever since she dropped out of university, and who has been so depressing to be around that some of her friends have avoided her
B)   Joe, who dropped out of college last year because he didn't feel that he fit in, and who has been looking for work ever since
C)   Mike, whose girlfriend left him a few months ago
D)   Rasheeda, who had a huge fight with her mother, lost her job, and then sprained her ankleE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Discuss how the hindsight bias and the confirmation bias can lead clinicians to be overconfident in their clinical judgments.

Accepted Answer

The hindsight bias and the confirmation ...

Question 17

Hailey is considering a new medical treatment for a terminal illness. She is most likely to choose the treatment option that

Accepted Answer

A)   is effective but has many side-effects.
B)   has a 43% chance of survival.
C)   has a 57% chance of failure.
D)   is very experimental and may not work.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates an internal attribution for a failure or setback?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I'll never succeed."
B)   "This ruins everything."
C)   "It's my fault."
D)   "The whole world is against me."E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

According to self-presentation theory, we will feel social anxiety when we are

Accepted Answer

A)   motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so.
B)   motivated and able to impress others, but they ignore us.
C)   in any circumstance in which we can be observed.
D)   depressed.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Dr. Phillips, a psychotherapist, is plagued by doubt and guilt after a client commits suicide. These guilty feelings probably stem from _____________ on the part of the therapist.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-serving bias
B)   the ultimate attribution error
C)   self-handicapping
D)   hindsight biasE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 14: Social Psychology in the Clinic

According to the text, shyness is a form of ____________ characterized by self-consciousness and worry about what others think.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dwayne believes that smiling during lectures helps him get better grades than he would otherwise get. Jake believes that smiling has no effect. Which of the following statements about Dwayne and Jake is most reasonable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best illustrates an internal attribution for a failure or setback?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Phillips, a psychotherapist, is plagued by doubt and guilt after a client commits suicide. These guilty feelings probably stem from _____________ on the part of the therapist.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best predictor of overall happiness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some clinicians' continuous confidence in uninformative tests may be due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chapman and Chapman had university students and professional clinicians study the relationship between patients' test performances and diagnoses. They found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to self-presentation theory, we will feel social anxiety when we are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable, global, and internal is a ___________ explanatory style.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shy people tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are trying to explain to a friend the concept of the vicious cycle of depression. To which mutual acquaintance will you refer to illustrate the concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some people are affected by minor stresses. According to Sacks and Bugental, this may be due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the industrialized world, at least half of all deaths are linked with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has reported that newlywed couples who become angry while discussing problems

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

found that longevity could be predicted from records of ____________ at age 11.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss how the hindsight bias and the confirmation bias can lead clinicians to be overconfident in their clinical judgments.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe hindsight bias and the confirmation ...View AnswerShow Answer

Freudian therapists who expect to find evidence of early childhood traumas are likely to uncover such experiences among clients who are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hailey is considering a new medical treatment for a terminal illness. She is most likely to choose the treatment option that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the way in which depressive realism and explanatory style influence depression.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIDepressive realism and explanatory style...View AnswerShow Answer

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The hindsight bias and the confirmation ...
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Depressive realism and explanatory style...
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