Question 1

What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for?

Accepted Answer

A)   Silent
B)   Back
C)   Point
D)   Nonsense
E)   MissenseF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is incorrect about termination codons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Where the bond between the final tRNA and the finished polypeptide chain is broken
B)   Include AUG
C)   Include UAA, UAG, and UGA
D)   Do not have corresponding tRNA
E)   Can also be called nonsense codonsF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Analysis of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   larger fragments that move slowly and remain closer to the wells
B)   DNA that has an overall negative charge and moves to the positive pole
C)   DNA fragments that are stained to see them
D)   an electric current through the gel that causes DNA fragments to migrate
E)   All of the choices are correctF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Which is incorrect about inducible operons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Have genes turned off by a buildup of end product
B)   Are often for catabolic pathways
C)   Are normally turned off
D)   Are turned on by the substrate of the enzyme
E)   Include the lac operonF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on the other strand are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   palindromes
B)   reverse transcriptase
C)   restriction endonucleases
D)   ligases
E)   DNA polymerasesF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of transposons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Can change pigmentation
B)   Can replace damaged DNA
C)   Can transfer drug resistance
D)   Can change the genome
E)   Are always part of plasmidsF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 7

In gram-negative bacteria, like E. coli, the fertility factor is a plasmid possessed by the bacterium that will donate its DNA to a recipient cell. Which of the following statements by the patient demonstrates an understanding of this plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a large, double-stranded linear piece of DNA.
B)   It is found in F- cells only.
C)   It controls the process of transduction in bacterial cells.
D)   It encodes the information to create a pilus.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Induced mutations result from errors in DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   repressor alone bound to operator
B)   substrate bound to repressor
C)   substrate bound to promoter
D)   corepressor and repressor binding to operator
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

The lagging strand of DNA is made in small segments called Okazaki fragments, each one requiring a primer to begin synthesis, whereas the leading strand, synthesized continuously, does not require a primer to initiate the daughter strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Helicase ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   supercoils DNA
B)   unzips DNA
C)   unwinds RNA
D)   winds RNA
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

During replication, each parent DNA strand serves as a ________ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

Accepted Answer

A)   copy point
B)   template
C)   comparison molecule
D)   scaffold
E)   reservoirF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

In bacteria, initiator tRNA carries formyl methionine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomal RNA
B)   messenger RNA
C)   transfer RNA
D)   primer RNA
E)   ribozymesF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Geneticists can make complimentary DNA from messenger, transfer, and ribosomal RNA by using ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   palindromes
B)   reverse transcriptase
C)   restriction endonucleases
D)   ligases
E)   DNA polymerasesF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The RN instructs the family that the transfer of genetic material can involve contact between two bacterial cells. DNA can pass from one cell to the other through a pilus during this process, which is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   transformation
B)   conjugation
C)   specialized transduction
D)   generalized transductionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

A recombinant organism is one that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   has obtained genetic material from another organism that has integrated into the genome, combining the two DNA molecules
B)   induces a gene that was previously turned off, thereby producing a new phenotype
C)   obtains genes by conjugation, but not transduction
D)   has sustained a mutation in the genetic material such that a new phenotype results, for example, the organism develops increased virulence or antibiotic resistanceE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

A recombinant organism is one that has sustained a change in its genome through receipt of DNA from a different organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

You educate the patient's mother that the most common cause of cystic fibrosis is a deletion of three nucleotides. Which of the following statements, by the mother, demonstrates an understanding of the disease etiology?

Accepted Answer

A)   "My child's disease is caused by a missing chromosome."
B)   "My child's disease is caused by a missing gene."
C)   "My child's disease is caused by a missing amino acid."
D)   "My child's disease is caused by an infectious process."E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

In bacteria, initiator tRNA carries formyl methionine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Geneticists can make complimentary DNA from messenger, transfer, and ribosomal RNA by using ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on the other strand are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lagging strand of DNA is made in small segments called Okazaki fragments, each one requiring a primer to begin synthesis, whereas the leading strand, synthesized continuously, does not require a primer to initiate the daughter strand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about termination codons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helicase ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In gram-negative bacteria, like E. coli, the fertility factor is a plasmid possessed by the bacterium that will donate its DNA to a recipient cell. Which of the following statements by the patient demonstrates an understanding of this plasmid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of transposons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is incorrect about inducible operons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recombinant organism is one that has sustained a change in its genome through receipt of DNA from a different organism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Analysis of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis involves ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You educate the patient's mother that the most common cause of cystic fibrosis is a deletion of three nucleotides. Which of the following statements, by the mother, demonstrates an understanding of the disease etiology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recombinant organism is one that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN instructs the family that the transfer of genetic material can involve contact between two bacterial cells. DNA can pass from one cell to the other through a pilus during this process, which is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During replication, each parent DNA strand serves as a ________ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Induced mutations result from errors in DNA replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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