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Which one of the following applies to a valley glacier that lengthens (extends its terminus downslope) over a period of many years?


A) wastage exceeds accumulation
B) accumulation exceeds wastage
C) accumulation and wastage are about equal
D) none of the above

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Glacial ice is very effective as an agent of erosion. How would you identify glacial sediments from alluvial (stream) sediments? Also, could certain glacial sediments be mistaken for alluvium?

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Glacial sediments can be identified from...

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Inselbergs and small, steep alluvial fans are characteristic of recently faulted basin and range terrain in dry lands.

A) True
B) False

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The loess deposited in many parts of the Midwest ________.


A) was once glacial outwash deposits
B) is in the form of transverse dunes
C) is uniformly thick
D) had its source in desert regions

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which one of the following statements is true?


A) Desert landscapes are monotonous, relatively flat areas covered to various depths with sand.
B) Deserts and dry lands are concentrated in areas of ascending air masses and relatively low atmospheric pressures.
C) Despite infrequent rainfalls, erosional and depositional features of running water are important in desert landscapes.
D) Rainshadow deserts occur where air masses descend after having risen to cross a mountain range.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Rapid surge movements of the Earth's tectonic plates offer a convincing explanation for the advances and retreats of the Pleistocene ice sheets.

A) True
B) False

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Eskers and kames are deposited by meltwater streams, and they are composed of stratified sand and gravel.

A) True
B) False

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In dry lands, ________ is the covering of coarse particles left on the surface after the finer particles are carried away by wind and running water.

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Matching. Match the feature with the appropriate material. -glacial erratic


A) till
B) outwash
C) solid rock

D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

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Windblown loess, like sand, typically accumulates as mound-like dunes.

A) True
B) False

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Which one of the following is NOT true of glaciers?


A) originate on land
B) exist only in the Northern Hemisphere
C) show evidence of past or present flow
D) form from the recrystallization of snow

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Desert pavement is the result of ________.


A) deflation
B) abrasion by windblown sand
C) erosion by running water
D) intense chemical weathering

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Ice Age glaciers had many indirect effects. Which one of the following was NOT such an effect?


A) formation of mountains
B) extinction of some organisms
C) changes in some river courses
D) sea level fluctuations

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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What mature, desert landscape feature consists of coalesced alluvial fans?


A) balda
B) bajada
C) bahia
D) baja

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which process occurs where a glacier enters the sea?


A) kaming
B) calving
C) surging
D) drowning

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Where is the world's largest ice sheet located today?


A) Greenland
B) Russia, Siberia
C) Iceland
D) Antarctica

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Abrasion and plucking generally involve what part of a glacier?


A) the internal flowage zone
B) the snout zone
C) the surface brittle zone
D) the bottom or base

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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What general term denotes wastage of a glacier?

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A(n) ________ is a narrow, winding ridge composed of outwash deposited in a tunnel or channel cut into stagnant, glacial ice.

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Valleys deeply eroded by alpine glaciers have what characteristic, cross-valley profile?

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