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Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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The fiber that carries signals toward the neuron's cell body is called a(n) :

A) axon.
B) dendrite.
C) neurotransmitter.
D) synapse.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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What is the foundation needed for gross motor skills to learn to walk?

A) Postural control and fine motor skills
B) Cognitive skills and locomotion
C) Locomotion and postural control
D) Locomotion and cognitive skills

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

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The _____ is the area of the brain where higher level thinking and self-regulation occur.

Three-year-old Jesse used to call all moving vehicles "car." He now accurately categorizes moving vehicles into trucks, cars, motorcycles, and buses. Jesse has _____ to fit new information into his existing scheme.

When Abraham describes to his friend what he did last summer on vacation, he is relying on his _____ memory.

According to your textbook, infants' information-processing abilities:

When Zachary hears a joke and then laughs, he is first _____ the information and then _____ it.

In Piaget's theory, schemes are:

_____ occurs when children adjust their schemes to take new information and experiences into account.

At birth, the newborn's brain is about _____ of its adult weight.

Baby Max watches his mother jingle her keys in front of him. After several minutes, he looks away, no longer interested. This would indicate that he has habituated as he is showing a(n) _____ to a stimulus after repeated presentations of the stimulus.

According to research by Hamlin on preverbal infants, a sense of morality may be present as early as

Sarah shows her baby a colorful block several times. The baby looks carefully at the block at first, but then turns her attention to a different toy after seeing the block a few times. If at this point Sarah shows her baby a solid green ball, the baby will again look carefully at the item. This change is called:

Nouns are among the easiest words for children to learn because they:

Fantz's research method-studying whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli-is referred to as the:

What is child-directed speech? What are some other strategies adults use to increase infants' acquisition of language? Provide an example of an adult using child-directed speech.

Using Piaget's vocabulary, describe what happens when disequilibrium motivates movement to a new way of thinking. Use the example of a child who thinks that anything fuzzy with four legs is a "puppy," and how that scheme might change.

The _____ view emphasizes the interaction of the plasticity of the brain, genetic inheritance, and an enriched or impoverished environment.

Madison noticed that she is finally able to get her son, Sam, to look when she points to something and says the name or the color of the object. Based on research, it is likely that Sam is between ______.

Cheyenne, a four-month-old, is learning to reach out and grab stuffed dolls out of a plastic bin. Her movements are guided by: