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The first step in improving wellness by lifestyle management is to


A) ask friends what you should improve.
B) reward yourself.
C) begin with a self-assessment.
D) ask your family for assistance.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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All of the following are important considerations during the preparation stage of behaviour change, EXCEPT


A) make change a priority.
B) take short steps.
C) create a plan.
D) identify helpful resources.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The wellness concept defines health as the absence of disease.

A) True
B) False

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The average life span in the twentieth century


A) nearly doubled.
B) increased slightly.
C) nearly tripled.
D) did not change significantly.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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With regard to one's health, which one of the following elements is most within an individual's control?


A) behaviour
B) health care
C) environment
D) heredity

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Behaviour choices and actions impact only the health and wellness of the individual.

A) True
B) False

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A strategy to increase your chances of success in the pursuit of a new behaviour is to


A) frequently visualize goal attainment and enjoy its benefits.
B) rationalize temporary setbacks to minimize feelings of failure.
C) find a new behaviour to change if you experience a temporary failure.
D) stick with the program even during periods of high stress.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Heart disease is associated with all of the following risk factors, EXCEPT


A) stress.
B) smoking.
C) regular exercise.
D) hostile and suspicious attitudes.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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It would be fair to describe "slips" in the attempt to change behaviours as failures.

A) True
B) False

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According to the stages of change model, people at this stage do not think they have a problem and do not intend to change their behaviour.


A) action
B) precontemplation
C) contemplation
D) preparation

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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"Your ability to successfully take action and perform specific tasks" defines the term


A) self-efficacy.
B) self-control.
C) self-esteem.
D) self-talk.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The following are all environmental factors, EXCEPT the


A) air you breathe.
B) genetic make-up in your body.
C) water you drink.
D) amount of alcohol consumption in your home.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Groups who have high poverty rates most often have the worst health status.

A) True
B) False

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When learning about the risks and benefits of a target behaviour, all of the following are important questions to ask, EXCEPT


A) What diseases or conditions does this behaviour place you at risk for?
B) Is your target behaviour too difficult to change?
C) How is your target behaviour affecting your level of wellness today?
D) What effect would changing your behaviour have on your health?

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Short-term benefits of behaviour change are important as a motivating force.

A) True
B) False

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Having an external locus of control is associated with motivation and commitment to change behaviour.

A) True
B) False

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Occupational wellness is measured by how much the job offers.


A) work
B) prestige
C) money
D) happiness

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The best plan for behaviour change


A) works at change systematically.
B) concentrates on several behaviours.
C) begins with a positive self-assessment
D) begins with a negative self-assessment.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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All of the following are important considerations during the action stage of behaviour change, EXCEPT


A) change your environment.
B) involve your friends.
C) monitor your progress.
D) practice visualization and self-talk.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to the stages of change model, people at this stage have practiced their new, healthier lifestyle for at least six months.


A) preparation
B) contemplation
C) maintenance
D) action

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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