Question 1

The digital rays of a fetus give rise to

Accepted Answer

A)  arms and legs.
B)  ribs and intercostal muscles.
C)  fingers and toes.
D)  extensor digitorum muscles.
E)  radial muscles of the iris.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following systems shows the least overall senescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular system
B)  endocrine system
C)  integumentary system
D)  reproductive system
E)  urinary systemF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Senescence of the immune system makes older people more subject to cancer and infectious disease because of a decline in

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha and beta globulins.
B)  red blood cells and platelets.
C)  complement proteins.
D)  prothrombin and fibrinogen.
E)  antigen-presenting cells and helper T cells.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of these organ systems faces the greatest physiological challenge in the transitional period after birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular
B)  integumentary
C)  respiratory
D)  circulatory
E)  nervousF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Sperm must travel to the distal end of the uterine tube to encounter the egg before it dies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The placenta begins to form after week 8.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Neonatal immunity depends on IgG and IgA acquired through the placenta and colostrum, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The fertilization membrane is the endometrial tissue that receives the conceptus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following events happens first?

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of a fertilization membrane
B)  the fast block to polyspermy
C)  the slow block to polyspermy
D)  the cortical reaction
E)  the acrosomal reactionF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 10

Only autosomal trisomies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21 are survivable.Why would this be?

Accepted Answer

A)  These are relatively short chromosomes.
B)  These are relatively long chromosomes.
C)  These are relatively gene-poor chromosomes.
D)  These are redundant chromosomes.
E)  These chromosomes have no genes.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 11

In fetal circulation, the bypasses the liver and the bypasses the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A)  ligamentum venosum; ligamentum arteriosum
B)  foramen ovale; ductus venosus
C)  ductus arteriosus; ductus venosus
D)  ductus venosus; ductus arteriosus
E)  ligamentum arteriosum; foramen ovaleF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

In the slow block to polyspermy, sperm penetration releases an inflow of , which in turn stimulates the .

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl-; corona radiata
B)  K+; zona pellucida
C)  Na+; fertilization membrane
D)  Ca₂+; fertilization membrane
E)  Ca₂+; cortical reactionF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Out of the 300 million ejaculated sperm, only about reach the vicinity of the egg.

Accepted Answer

A)  30
B)  300
C)  3,000
D)  30,000
E)  300,000F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The first 6 weeks of postpartum life constitute

Accepted Answer

A)  the transitional period.
B)  the premature period.
C)  the neonatal period.
D)  senescence.
E)  infancy.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

By the end of 8 weeks, the individual is considered a fetus because

Accepted Answer

A)  all the primary germ layers are formed.
B)  the amniotic cavity has formed.
C)  all of the organ systems are present.
D)  the neural tube and yolk sac have formed.
E)  the mesoderm has formed.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

In the fast block to polyspermy, binding of sperm opens up channels, which depolarizes the egg membrane and .

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+; prevents the entrance of any more sperm
B)  Na+; prevents the entrance of more Na+
C)  Na+; prevents the entrance of Ca₂+
D)  Ca₂+; prevents the entrance of any more sperm
E)  Ca₂+; prevents the entrance of more Na+F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Down syndrome (trisomy-21)  results from

Accepted Answer

A)  a mutagen.
B)  nondisjunction.
C)  a teratogen.
D)  a sex-linked mutation.
E)  an autosomal recessive allele.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

By the time the conceptus arrives in the uterus,

Accepted Answer

A)  it is still a zygote.
B)  it is called a trophoblast.
C)  it has the three primary germ layers.
D)  it shows traces of all the organ systems.
E)  it consists of 16 or more cells.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Teratogens usually do not cause congenital anomalies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The chorion forms the fetal part of the placenta.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 29: Human Development and Aging

The placenta begins to form after week 8.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first 6 weeks of postpartum life constitute

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the slow block to polyspermy, sperm penetration releases an inflow of , which in turn stimulates the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sperm must travel to the distal end of the uterine tube to encounter the egg before it dies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In fetal circulation, the bypasses the liver and the bypasses the lungs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these organ systems faces the greatest physiological challenge in the transitional period after birth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Teratogens usually do not cause congenital anomalies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Senescence of the immune system makes older people more subject to cancer and infectious disease because of a decline in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By the end of 8 weeks, the individual is considered a fetus because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Out of the 300 million ejaculated sperm, only about reach the vicinity of the egg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By the time the conceptus arrives in the uterus,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neonatal immunity depends on IgG and IgA acquired through the placenta and colostrum, respectively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Down syndrome (trisomy-21) results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fertilization membrane is the endometrial tissue that receives the conceptus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The digital rays of a fetus give rise to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following systems shows the least overall senescence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chorion forms the fetal part of the placenta.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only autosomal trisomies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21 are survivable.Why would this be?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the fast block to polyspermy, binding of sperm opens up channels, which depolarizes the egg membrane and .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following events happens first?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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