Question 1

An oil refinery plant has requested permission from the community to expand. The expansion is likely to increase the number of deaths in the community due to increased rates of cancer. The number of deaths and their associated probabilities is revealed in the table below:  What is the expected number of deaths?

Accepted Answer

A)   0
B)   .8
C)   .33
D)   Cannot be determined.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

Accepted Answer

A)   exposure analysis, discount analysis, distributions analysis.
B)   episodic analysis, dose-exposure analysis, community characterization.
C)   exposure analysis, dose-response analysis, risk characterization.
D)   emission analysis, dose-response analysis, community characterization.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

Accepted Answer

A)   prepare a clear overview of the project including specifics about scale and perspective
B)   estimate the social costs and benefits of the inputs and outputs of the project
C)   quantitatively describe the inputs and the outputs of the program
D)   all of the above are steps in benefit-cost analysisE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   time preference.
B)   whether the effects cross generations.
C)   the rate of inflation.
D)   all of the above.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Horizontal equity treats

Accepted Answer

A)   people in the same circumstances identically.
B)   people in the same circumstances proportionately.
C)   people in different circumstances differently.
D)   none of the above.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

A state is considering two different environmental projects that offer the net benefit streams displayed in the table below: Benefits ($)  in Year:
 .
Which project offers the greatest present value at a discount rate of 10%?

Accepted Answer

A)   Project A
B)   Project B
C)   Project C
D)   The projects are equal in the present value of their net benefits.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages. Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

Accepted Answer

A)   determination of the baseline resource quality.
B)   the choice of alternative ways of restoring a resource in a cost-effective way.
C)   the determination of a natural or environmental resource of equivalent value.
D)   all of the above are difficulties with determining restoration costs.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

Accepted Answer

A)   Environmental Protection Agency (EP
A)  .
B)   Environmental Impact Agency (EI
A)  .
C)   Regulatory Impact Agency (RI
A)  .
D)   National Environmental Policy Act (NEP
A)  .E) A) and B)
F) B) and C) D

Question 9

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A)   proportional; less
B)   proportional; the same
C)   proportional; greater
D)   progressive; the sameE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

An analyst estimated the costs of restoring a resource to its original state. This person is doing

Accepted Answer

A)   benefit-cost analysis
B)   cost effectiveness analysis
C)   regulatory impact analysis
D)   resource damage assessmentE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A)   progressive; less
B)   regressive; greater
C)   progressive; higher
D)   progressive; the sameE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

The best way to describe the results of a benefit-cost study is

Accepted Answer

A)   project long-term costs
B)   project net benefits
C)   project long-run benefits
D)   project discount rateE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 13

An environmental project requires investments of $100,000 in year 1, year 2, and year 3 and yields benefits of $20,000 in year 1; $45,000 in year 2 and $150,000 in year 3. What is the net present value of the project at a discount rate of 4% (rounded to the nearest dollar) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   +$83,698.
B)   -$84,242.
C)   - $96,272.
D)   None of the above.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

Accepted Answer

A)   consumer preferences as revealed in market prices are maximized where MAC=MD.
B)   damages are minimized where MAC=MD.
C)   total abatement costs are less that total damage costs where MAC=MD.
D)   net social benefits are maximized where MAC = MD.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

The first step in risk assessment is

Accepted Answer

A)   benefit estimation
B)   damage calculation
C)   discounting future benefits
D)   exposure analysisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A)   proportional; less
B)   regressive; greater
C)   regressive; the same
D)   regressive; lowerE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the most cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction in phosphorus inputs from agricultural runoff
B)   alum treatment of sediments in the bay
C)   tertiary treatment at sewage treatment plants
D)   treatment of wastewater from water treatment plants E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

Accepted Answer

A)   estimates the costs of competing alternative approaches to achieving that objective.
B)   compares the benefits of that objective and the costs of obtaining that objective.
C)   estimates the damage or effect of obtaining that objective on a valued resource.
D)   compares it to the effects of other competing objectives.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B) A

Question 19

An oil refinery plant has requested permission from the community to expand. The expansion is likely to increase the number of deaths in the community due to increased rates of cancer. The number of deaths and their associated probabilities is revealed in the table below:  What is the expected value of 0 deaths?

Accepted Answer

A)   0
B)   .8
C)   .33
D)   Cannot be determined.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Cost effectiveness analysis

Accepted Answer

A)   estimates the benefits and costs of a project in monetary terms
B)   estimates the benefits but not the costs of projects
C)   estimates the costs but not the benefits of projects
D)   analyzes neither the benefits nor costs of projectsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 6: Framework of Analysis

Correct Answer
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Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

Correct Answer
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Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

Correct Answer
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The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Correct Answer
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Horizontal equity treats

Correct Answer
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A state is considering two different environmental projects that offer the net benefit streams displayed in the table below: Benefits ($) in Year: . Which project offers the greatest present value at a discount rate of 10%?

Correct Answer
verified

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages. Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

Correct Answer
verified

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

Correct Answer
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D

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
verified

An analyst estimated the costs of restoring a resource to its original state. This person is doing

Correct Answer
verified

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
verified

The best way to describe the results of a benefit-cost study is

Correct Answer
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B

An environmental project requires investments of $100,000 in year 1, year 2, and year 3 and yields benefits of $20,000 in year 1; $45,000 in year 2 and $150,000 in year 3. What is the net present value of the project at a discount rate of 4% (rounded to the nearest dollar) ?

Correct Answer
verified

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

Correct Answer
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The first step in risk assessment is

Correct Answer
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An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
verified

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the most cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

Correct Answer
verified

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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Cost effectiveness analysis

Correct Answer
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Exam 6: Framework of Analysis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Horizontal equity treats

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A state is considering two different environmental projects that offer the net benefit streams displayed in the table below: Benefits ($) in Year: . Which project offers the greatest present value at a discount rate of 10%?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages. Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

Correct AnswerverifiedD

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An analyst estimated the costs of restoring a resource to its original state. This person is doing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best way to describe the results of a benefit-cost study is

Correct AnswerverifiedB

An environmental project requires investments of $100,000 in year 1, year 2, and year 3 and yields benefits of $20,000 in year 1; $45,000 in year 2 and $150,000 in year 3. What is the net present value of the project at a discount rate of 4% (rounded to the nearest dollar) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first step in risk assessment is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the most cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cost effectiveness analysis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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D

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
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B

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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