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Discuss the questions underlying the VRIO framework and use these questions to differentiate between a simple distinctive competence and a sustained distinctive competence.

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The four questions underlying the VRIO f...

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A firm's value chain is the set of business activities in which it engages to develop and produce, but not to market, its products and services.

A) True
B) False

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Most firms have a resource base that is composed primarily of resources and capabilities that are


A) valuable but not rare.
B) neither valuable nor rare.
C) valuable and rare.
D) rare but not valuable.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Within the VRIO framework, resources and capabilities that are not valuable are also known as weaknesses.

A) True
B) False

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Identify the four questions represented in the VRIO framework that one must ask about a resource or capability to determine its competitive potential.

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The four questions are:
The Question of ...

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If a firm's resources and capabilities are costly to imitate because imitating firms may not understand the relationship between the resources and capabilities controlled by a firm and that firm's competitive advantage, this competitive advantage is said to be protected from imitation by


A) path dependence.
B) casual ambiguity.
C) unique historical conditions.
D) social complexity.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Resources and capabilities that are valuable, rare, and costly to imitate are best described as


A) distinctive competencies.
B) entry barriers.
C) complementary resources and capabilities.
D) sustainable distinctive competencies.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Primary value chain activities include activities such as inbound logistics, outbound logistics, sales and marketing and services.

A) True
B) False

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Resources that generate a temporary competitive advantage are


A) valuable, rare and costly to imitate.
B) valuable but neither rare nor costly to imitate.
C) valuable and either rare or costly to imitate.
D) valuable and rare but not costly to imitate.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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One of the key assumptions of the RBV is resource homogeneity.

A) True
B) False

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In general, imitation can occur in one of two ways: direct duplication or substitution.

A) True
B) False

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The range of formal and informal mechanisms to ensure that managers are behaving in ways consistent with a firm's strategies are referred to as


A) formal reporting structures.
B) organizational charts.
C) compensation policies.
D) management control systems.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Southwest Airlines' strong internal culture that helps ensure that employees act in ways consistent with the company's strategy is an example of a(n)


A) informal management control.
B) formal management control.
C) compensation policy.
D) formal reporting structure.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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________ in the RBV are defined as the tangible and intangible assets that a firm controls that it can use to conceive of and implement its strategies.


A) Management controls
B) Capabilities
C) Resources
D) Compensation policies

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The assumption of resource immobility holds that it may be very costly for firms without certain resources and capabilities to develop or acquire them.

A) True
B) False

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Inputs whose quantity of supply is fixed and whose demand does not respond to price increases are said to be elastic in supply.

A) True
B) False

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In the VRIO framework, the R represents resources.

A) True
B) False

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The theoretical roots of the resource-based view can be traced to research done by


A) David Ricardo.
B) Adam Smith.
C) Oliver Williamson.
D) Joseph Schumpeter.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Discuss whether a firm must be must be the only one to possess a valuable resource or capability in order for the firm to benefit from the resource or capability's rarity or if other firms may own it as well.

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A firm does not have to be the sole poss...

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Resources that are valuable but not rare can be categorized as


A) organizational weaknesses.
B) distinctive competencies.
C) organizational strengths.
D) complementary resources and capabilities.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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