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The goal of tax planning generally is to:


A) minimize taxes.
B) minimize IRS scrutiny.
C) maximize after-tax wealth.
D) support the Federal government.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Richard recently received $10,000 of compensation for some consulting work (paid in cash). Jeffrey recently received $10,000 of interest income from City of Dallas bonds. Both taxpayers report no taxable income from these transactions. Is this considered tax avoidance or tax evasion? What is the difference, if any, between the two?

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Richard is engaged in tax evasion. Jeffr...

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Which of the following is not required to determine the best timing strategy?


A) The taxpayer's after-tax rate of return.
B) The taxpayer's tax rate this year.
C) The taxpayer's tax rate in future years.
D) The taxpayer's tax rate last year.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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If Thomas has a 40% tax rate and a 6% after-tax rate of return, $50,000 of income in five years will cost him how much tax in today's dollars? Use Exhibit 3.1. (Round present and future value amounts to 3 places)


A) $50,000.
B) $20,000.
C) $37,350.
D) $14,940.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is an example of the income shifting strategy?


A) A corporation paying its shareholders a $20,000 dividend.
B) A corporation paying its owner a $20,000 salary.
C) A high tax rate taxpayer investing in tax exempt municipal bonds.
D) A cash-basis business delaying billing its customers until after year end.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Future value can be computed as Future Value = Present Value/(1 + r)ⁿ.

A) True
B) False

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The present value concept becomes more important as interest rates increase.

A) True
B) False

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If Nicolai earns an 8% after-tax rate of return, $20,000 today would be worth how much to Nicolai in 5 years? Use Future value of $1. (Round present and future value factor(s) to 5 decimal places.)  


A) $20,000.
B) $13,620.
C) $18,520.
D) $21,600.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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If tax rates are decreasing:


A) taxpayers should accelerate income.
B) taxpayers should defer deductions.
C) taxpayers should defer income.
D) taxpayers should defer deductions and accelerate income.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Antonella works for a company that pays a year-end bonus in December of each year. Assume that Antonella expects to receive a $20,000 bonus in December this year, her tax rate is 30%, and her after-tax rate of return is 8%. If Antonella's employer paid her bonus on January 1 of next year instead of in December, how much would this action save Antonella in today's tax dollars? If Antonella's tax rate increased to 32% next year, would receiving the bonus in January still be advantageous?  Use Exhibit 3.1.

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If Antonella receives the $20,000 in Dec...

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Jason's employer pays year-end bonuses each year on December 31. Jason, a cash basis taxpayer, would prefer to not pay tax on his bonus this year (and actually would prefer his daughter to pay tax on the bonus) . So, he leaves town on December 31, 2017 and has his daughter, Julie, pick up his check on January 2, 2018. Who reports the income and when?


A) Julie in 2017.
B) Julie in 2018.
C) Jason in 2017.
D) Jason in 2018.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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O'Reilly is a masterful lottery player. The megamillion jackpot is now up to $200 million. If O'Reilly wins the jackpot, he has a choice of receiving $200 million in 5 years or a smaller lump sum currently. Advise O'Reilly on his choice under the following scenarios. Which option should he take and why? Use Exhibit 3.1. a. O'Reilly's after-tax return is 10%. If he chooses the current lump sum option, the lottery will pay him $130 million. b. O'Reilly's after-tax return is 10%. His current tax rate will be 35% if he receives the lottery payment now. His expected tax rate in five years will be 40%. If he chooses the current lump sum option, the lottery will pay him $100 million.

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(a) If O'Reilly takes the current lump s...

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A common income shifting strategy is to:


A) shift income from low tax rate taxpayers to high tax rate taxpayers.
B) shift deductions from low tax rate taxpayers to high tax rate taxpayers.
C) shift deductions from high tax rate taxpayers to low tax rate taxpayers.
D) accelerate tax deductions.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following is needed to implement the income shifting strategy?


A) Taxpayers with varying tax rates.
B) Decreasing tax rates.
C) Increasing tax rates.
D) Unrelated taxpayers.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A taxpayer paying his 10-year-old daughter $50,000 a year for consulting likely violates which doctrine?


A) Constructive receipt doctrine.
B) Implicit tax doctrine.
C) Substance-over-form doctrine.
D) Step-transaction doctrine.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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