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Paramyxoviruses evade the host immune system by


A) infecting only red blood cells.
B) entering new cells by inducing syncytia formation.
C) producing an inhibitor specific for lymphocyte receptors.
D) a display of host antigens on its surface.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Inflammation of the liver with necrosis of the hepatocytes and swelling due to a mononuclear response is a disease called ______.


A) jaundice
B) cirrhosis
C) mononucleosis
D) hepatitis

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Carriers of Hepatitis B virus are not common.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The most common infectious disease in humans is ______.


A) dental caries
B) gastritis
C) the common cold
D) pharyngitis
E) diarrhea

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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The most common cause of liver cancer in the United States is hepatitis ______ virus.


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding helminths causing intestinal distress plus migratory symptoms is incorrect?


A) Praziquantel is the best treatment option for infection with these helminths.
B) All of these infections are associated with eosinophilia, which can be detected in a complete blood count.
C) Tissues along the migratory route of the helminth experience inflammation.
D) Nearly all newborn puppies in the U.S. are infected with Toxocara species.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Just back from a trip to South America,you now have a severe diarrheal illness.Your symptoms,other than diarrhea,are pain,cramps,some fecal blood,and fever.These are symptoms of many of the gastrointestinal diseases,so that information does not help you or the doctors identify the infectious agent.Your doctor wants to send a fecal sample to the microbiology lab for them to look at it under the light microscope.Based upon this protocol selection,the physician believes that you have ______.


A) salmonellosis
B) hepatitis A
C) rotavirus
D) cholera
E) amoebiasis

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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The best treatment for acute diarrhea is oral replacement of electrolytes and water.

A) True
B) False

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The most immediate and important treatment needed to prevent death in cholera victims is ______.


A) broad-spectrum antimicrobials
B) antitoxin
C) surgery
D) water and electrolyte replacement

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The most dangerous outcome of a Taenia solium infection occurs when humans ingest tapeworm eggs rather than cysticerci.This type of transmission occurs by


A) consuming "chitlins," pig intestines from an infected animal.
B) drinking water contaminated with feces from infected animals.
C) consuming undercooked pork with encysted Taenia.
D) consuming plants that haven't been thoroughly washed of soil.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding trichinosis is incorrect?


A) Coiled larvae are encysted in skeletal muscle.
B) The disease can be transmitted by the fecal-oral route.
C) Larvae migrate from intestines to blood and various body tissues.
D) The disease is associated with undercooked pork.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which organ of the gastrointestinal tract has a large commensal population of microorganisms?


A) Pancreas
B) Liver
C) Salivary glands
D) Small intestine
E) Large intestine

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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The most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the United States is ______.


A) Campylobacter
B) Salmonella
C) E. coli
D) Shigella

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The only body fluid that can transmit Hepatitis B virus is blood.

A) True
B) False

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Boiling will not inactivate Giardia lamblia cysts in contaminated water.

A) True
B) False

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There are no infectious agents that can penetrate intact skin.

A) True
B) False

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There are vaccines for immunity to the Hepatitis B virus.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Helicobacter pylori causes ______.


A) gastritis
B) duodenal ulcers
C) stomach ulcers
D) increased risk for stomach cancer
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which is not a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori?


A) Produces urease to buffer stomach acidity
B) Curved rods
C) Lives in the stomach
D) Produces enteroxin that causes diarrhea
E) Gram-negative

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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A metagenomic study from a never-before-seen type of gingival infection indicates the presence of large numbers of archaea.Which of the following would be a good practice to isolate this organism?


A) Incubate the isolation medium adjacent to a bright full-spectrum light.
B) Incubate the isolation medium at about 90°C.
C) Use an anaerobic medium and incubate in a sealed container.
D) Adjust the pH of the medium to below 5.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Showing 61 - 80 of 106

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