Question 1

There are 45 different kinds tRNA (anticodons) available to serve as amino acid carriers,but there are 64 mRNA codons.Why aren't the tRNA anticodons and mRNA codons equal in number?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reason is that the third base pair on the tRNA allows some flexibility (wobble) ;thus,some tRNA anticodons can recognize more than one mRNA codon.
B)  The reason is that some tRNA anticodons can misread some of the mRNA codons,which creates a "wobble" in the tRNA anticodons that can be repaired by RNA repair enzymes.
C)  The reason is that the third base pair on the mRNA codon allows some flexibility (wobble) ;thus,some tRNA anticodons can recognize more than one mRNA codon.
D)  The reason is that the tRNA has the flexibility to choose which mRNA codons are necessary for building the polypeptide chain.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

When multiple snRNPs combine to form a larger complex called a ___________ the intron loops out and is excised.

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse
B)  introsome
C)  exon
D)  spliceosomeE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is required for formation of the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of a transcription factor to the TATA box,recruitment of additional transcription factors,and recruitment of RNA polymerase II
B)  binding of a transcription factor to the operon,recruitment of additional transcription factors,and recruitment of RNA polymerase III
C)  binding of a single transcription factor to the TATA box and recruitment of RNA polymerase II
D)  binding of RNA polymerase II to the TATA box and core promoterE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Translated,the corresponding protein contains how many amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  6
B)  7
C)  8
D)  13E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

DNA and RNA nucleotides are composed of five carbon sugars,phosphate,and nitrogen bases.How many total nitrogen bases are there for use in the two nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  5E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

The number of nucleotides required to specify an amino acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  1.
B)  2.
C)  3.
D)  4.
E)  a variable number.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

The tRNA nucleotide sequence that lines up on the mRNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  an intron.
B)  an exon.
C)  a release factor.
D)  an initiation factor.
E)  an anticodon.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

What is the anticodon for the fourth codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  AGC
B)  UCG
C)  GAU
D)  CUAE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Noncoding DNA that interrupt the nucleotide sequence of a gene are called

Accepted Answer

A)  exons.
B)  introns.
C)  axons.
D)  anRNPs (snurps) .
E)  spliceosomE.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Single long strand that passes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in eukaryotes;contains information for polypeptide assembly.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  RNA polymerase
C)  mRNA
D)  rRNAE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The process in which an RNA polymerase molecule assembles an mRNA molecule whose nucleotide sequence is complementary to the DNA sequence is called

Accepted Answer

A)  gene amplification.
B)  translation.
C)  transcription.
D)  polypeptide sequencing.
E)  complementary base pairing.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Besides the triplet nature of the genetic code,the other major piece of information that was provided by Crick and his coworkers is that

Accepted Answer

A)  each codon specified a different amino acid.
B)  the code of all DNA molecules is the same.
C)  the proteins made from the coded information are always the same.
D)  the reading of the code occurs without any punctuation.
E)  the genetic code is the same in all organisms with no exceptions.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following types of RNA recognize the intron/exon junctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  miRNA
B)  SRP RNA
C)  snRNA
D)  siRNAE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

The given sequence

Accepted Answer

A)  is from a prokaryote.
B)  is from a eukaryote.
C)  can be from either a prokaryote or a eukaryote.
D)  is from neither a prokaryote nor a eukaryote.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The strand of DNA that is not transcribed is called the ______ strand.

Accepted Answer

A)  coding
B)  non-coding
C)  replicate
D)  inertE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The 3' Poly-A tail is attached to

Accepted Answer

A)  the Poly-A polymerase enzyme.
B)  the mRNA.
C)  the tRNA.
D)  the coding strand of the DNA molecule.
E)  the template strand of the DNA moleculE.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Cells can conserve energy and resources by making proteins only when they are needed.Which of the following levels of control is the most energy-efficient?

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription regulation
B)  degrade the mRNA after it is made
C)  prevent translation of the mRNA at the ribosome
D)  degrade the protein after it is madeE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Initiation of transcription differs from initiation of DNA replication in several ways.One such difference is that transcription does not require

Accepted Answer

A)  GTP or ATP.
B)  any enzymes.
C)  a primer.
D)  a DNA template stranD.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

One hypothesis proposed to account for intron-exon arrangements found in genes is called

Accepted Answer

A)  intron shuffling.
B)  exon shuffling.
C)  domain shuffling.
D)  functional domain shuffling.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

If the sequence of bases in a section of DNA is ATCGCTCC,what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATCCGATT
B)  TAGGCUGG
C)  UAGCGAGG
D)  TATCGGCC
E)  AUCCGAUUF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

When multiple snRNPs combine to form a larger complex called a ___________ the intron loops out and is excised.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Noncoding DNA that interrupt the nucleotide sequence of a gene are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The given sequence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Besides the triplet nature of the genetic code,the other major piece of information that was provided by Crick and his coworkers is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the anticodon for the fourth codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the sequence of bases in a section of DNA is ATCGCTCC,what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is required for formation of the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA and RNA nucleotides are composed of five carbon sugars,phosphate,and nitrogen bases.How many total nitrogen bases are there for use in the two nucleic acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One hypothesis proposed to account for intron-exon arrangements found in genes is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of RNA recognize the intron/exon junctions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The strand of DNA that is not transcribed is called the ______ strand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells can conserve energy and resources by making proteins only when they are needed.Which of the following levels of control is the most energy-efficient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 3' Poly-A tail is attached to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tRNA nucleotide sequence that lines up on the mRNA is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Initiation of transcription differs from initiation of DNA replication in several ways.One such difference is that transcription does not require

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Translated,the corresponding protein contains how many amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of nucleotides required to specify an amino acid is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are 45 different kinds tRNA (anticodons) available to serve as amino acid carriers,but there are 64 mRNA codons.Why aren't the tRNA anticodons and mRNA codons equal in number?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Single long strand that passes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in eukaryotes;contains information for polypeptide assembly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process in which an RNA polymerase molecule assembles an mRNA molecule whose nucleotide sequence is complementary to the DNA sequence is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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