Question 1

The glandular secretions involved in digestion that would most likely be released as inactive precursors are

Accepted Answer

A)  protein-digesting enzymes
B)  fat-solubilizing bile salts
C)  acid-neutralizing bicarbonate
D)  carbohydrate-digesting enzymesE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

"Gluconeogenesis" is the process in which

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose levels are increased in the blood through the breakdown of carbohydrates.
B)  glucose levels are decreased in the blood through the breakdown of carbohydrates.
C)  glucose levels are increased in the blood by synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
D)  glucose levels are decreased in the blood by synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
E)  amino acids are generated for processes like building muscle tissuE.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Cats cannot synthesize the amino acid taurine.This means that in cats,taurine

Accepted Answer

A)  is not a required nutrient.
B)  is an essential amino acid.
C)  must be stored in cellular compartments.
D)  is not present in their normal diet.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The suface area of the small intestine is dramatically increased due to the presence of _________ on the luminal surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  villi and microvilli
B)  lacteals
C)  capillaries
D)  hydrolytic enzymes
E)  smooth muscleF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

A digestive cavity in which food enters an opening at one end and passes through the animal in one direction as it is digested is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrovascular cavity.
B)  stomach.
C)  alimentary canal.
D)  epithelial cavity.
E)  intestinE.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

A person whose ancestors were cattle herders is more likely to express the lactase gene as an adult.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Insulin is a product of the

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas.
B)  stomach.
C)  brain.
D)  kidney.
E)  liver.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

How do carnivores and herbivores differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carnivores must eat more frequently than herbivores.
B)  Carnivores and herbivores require different enzymes to digest their food.
C)  Carnivores can be opportunistic but herbivores cannot.
D)  Herbivores can be opportunistic but carnivores cannot.
E)  Herbivores remain herbivores at all stages of development,while carnivores are often herbivores in their larval stages.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Triglycerides enter the blood circulation as

Accepted Answer

A)  chylomicrons.
B)  micelles.
C)  lipid rafts.
D)  globules.
E)  lipoproteins.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Fats packaged in chylomicrons pass directly from epithelial cells to the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

"Glycogenolysis" refers to the state where

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose levels are increased in the blood through the breakdown of glycogen.
B)  glucose levels are increased in the blood through the synthesis of glycogen.
C)  glucose levels are decreased in the blood through the breakdown of glycogen.
D)  glucose levels are decreased in the blood through the synthesis of glycogen.
E)  glucose levels are increased in the blood as a result of lipolysis.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Where are most glucose transporter proteins ("GLUTs") located when levels of the hormone insulin are LOW?

Accepted Answer

A)  inserted into the plasma membrane
B)  in the membranes of intracellular vesicles
C)  inserted into the nuclear membrane
D)  in the endoplasmic reticulum
E)  in the liver-They are transported to other cells when glucose levels risE.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

A mechanism shared by both extracellular and intracellular digestion is

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to phagocytose food particles.
B)  a slow speed of digestion.
C)  the presence of a digestive cavity.
D)  the ability to consume both large and small food items.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

One function of HCl secreted in the stomach is to convert pepsinogen into the active enzyme pepsin.Why don't stomach cells simply secrete pepsin instead?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate amounts of pepsin are already manufactured by the pancreas.
B)  Only the pepsinogen version is able to stabilize fat-water emulsions.
C)  Pepsin is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH.
D)  If cells produced active pepsin,they would digest their own cellular proteins.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Glucose enters cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis.
B)  diffusion.
C)  facilitated transport.
D)  active transport.
E)  receptor-mediated endocytosis.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Conversion of excess amino acids into carbohydrate and fats during the absorptive state takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver.
B)  brain.
C)  intestine.
D)  kidney.
E)  heart.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Blockage of the bile duct would be expected to affect

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid digestion.
B)  protein digestion.
C)  carbohydrate digestion.
D)  nucleotide digestion.
E)  cellulose digestion.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

All sugars are absorbed via secondary active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In ruminants,cellulose digestion occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  omasum.
B)  rumen.
C)  reticulum.
D)  cecum.
E)  rumen and reticulum.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Fat absorbed by the small intestine enters the lymphatic system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 35: Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Where are most glucose transporter proteins ("GLUTs") located when levels of the hormone insulin are LOW?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fats packaged in chylomicrons pass directly from epithelial cells to the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blockage of the bile duct would be expected to affect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All sugars are absorbed via secondary active transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One function of HCl secreted in the stomach is to convert pepsinogen into the active enzyme pepsin.Why don't stomach cells simply secrete pepsin instead?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A digestive cavity in which food enters an opening at one end and passes through the animal in one direction as it is digested is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cats cannot synthesize the amino acid taurine.This means that in cats,taurine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mechanism shared by both extracellular and intracellular digestion is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In ruminants,cellulose digestion occurs in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person whose ancestors were cattle herders is more likely to express the lactase gene as an adult.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin is a product of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose enters cells by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Triglycerides enter the blood circulation as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glandular secretions involved in digestion that would most likely be released as inactive precursors are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do carnivores and herbivores differ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conversion of excess amino acids into carbohydrate and fats during the absorptive state takes place in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Glycogenolysis" refers to the state where

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fat absorbed by the small intestine enters the lymphatic system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Gluconeogenesis" is the process in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The suface area of the small intestine is dramatically increased due to the presence of _________ on the luminal surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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