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Darren Bloom,the sales manager for John Fountain Products,a small family business,is eager to get the company on an export path.The CEO of the company is not convinced,however.To convince the CEO,Bloom should point out that firms that do not export often


A) face problems of currency conversion.
B) lose out on significant opportunities for cost reduction.
C) are able to reduce their unit costs.
D) are not intimidated by the business practices of foreign countries.
E) explore foreign markets to see where they can leverage their technology.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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What does the term sogo shosha mean? How do they help Japanese exporters and what role do they play in countertrade?

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Sogo shosha are Japan's great trading ho...

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While small firms tend to be proactive about seeking opportunities for profitable exporting,large firms are very reactive.

A) True
B) False

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A firm builds a plant in a country and agrees to take a certain percentage of the plant's output as partial payment for the contract.This type of countertrade is called a(n)


A) counterpurchase.
B) offset.
C) switch trade.
D) buyback.
E) barter.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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When a time draft is drawn on and accepted by a bank,it is known as a


A) trade acceptance.
B) banker's check.
C) banker's acceptance.
D) bill of lading.
E) letter of credit.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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When a bill of lading is used to obtain payment or a written promise of payment before the merchandise is released to the importer,it serves as a


A) document of title.
B) contract.
C) receipt.
D) time draft.
E) collateral.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Lack of trust in international trade is exacerbated by the distance between the two parties in space,language,and culture.

A) True
B) False

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Briefly describe the different types of countertrade arrangements.

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The five distinct types of countertrade ...

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Countertrade occurs when the


A) exporter may not be paid in his or her home currency due to nonconvertibility.
B) exporter can convert the currency only in U.S.dollars.
C) exporter is dealing with a country that has huge foreign reserves.
D) exporter has easy access to export credit to fund its international trade.
E) importer defaults on payment.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is true of exporting?


A) Many foreign customers require face-to-face negotiations on their home turf.
B) Large firms tend to wait for the world to come to them,rather than going out into the world to seek opportunities.
C) Exporters have the advantage of reduced paperwork and fewer formalities.
D) Medium-sized and small firms are proactive about seeking opportunities for profitable exporting.
E) Firms that focus only on exporting often lose out on significant opportunities for growth and cost reduction.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Briefly describe the strategic steps that novice exporters can take to increase the probability of exporting successfully.

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The probability of exporting successfull...

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A firm concludes a counterpurchase agreement with a foreign country for which it receives some counterpurchase credits for purchasing its goods.The firm does not want any foreign goods,however,so it sells the credits to a third-party trading house at a discount.The trading house finds a firm that can use the credits and sells them at a profit.This is an example of


A) barter.
B) switch trading.
C) an offset.
D) a buyback.
E) compensation.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Compared to a decade ago,commercial banks and major accounting firms are rarely willing to assist small firms in starting export operations due to high default risks.

A) True
B) False

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Unhappy with the speed with which the company's export initiative was going,the CEO called Mary Adams,the person in charge of exports at Ambient Products,to understand the reasons for the company's delay.Which of the following is a valid defense that Mary Adams can use?


A) The U.S.government does not provide any help for exporters.
B) Novice exporters tend to overestimate the time required to cultivate business in foreign countries.
C) Exporters often face voluminous paperwork,complex formalities,and many potential delays and errors.
D) Small firms are usually familiar with foreign market opportunities.
E) Large firms do not consider exporting until their domestic market is saturated.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Jamal Steel,a rapidly growing small steel company with annual revenues of $8 million is looking to buy a large industrial furnace from Japan that is expected to cost $2 million.The exporter wants Jamal Steel to produce a letter of credit.Jamal Steel's CFO is reluctant to do so.Which of the following disadvantages of using a letter of credit for international transactions is likely the reason for the CFO's reluctance?


A) It results in the importer losing control over the process of trading.
B) It reduces the exporter's level of trust in the importer.
C) It reduces the importer's ability to borrow funds for other purposes.
D) It requires the importer to repay the loan even before the merchandise is sold.
E) It is not issued at the importer's request.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Describe the pros and cons of countertrade.

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Countertrade's main attraction is that i...

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In international commerce,time drafts are negotiable instruments.

A) True
B) False

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What are export management companies? What are their advantages and disadvantages?

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Export management companies (EMCs)are ex...

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The principle of countertrade is to trade goods and services for money.

A) True
B) False

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A lack of trust between two parties engaged in international trade is exacerbated by the


A) saturation of the domestic market.
B) similar preferences of the parties regarding how a transaction should be configured.
C) narrowing distance between the two parties due to technological advances.
D) problems of using an underdeveloped international legal system to enforce contractual obligations.
E) possibility of doing business with someone with whom they have been associated for a long time.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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