Question 1

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple.This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   mechanical isolation
B)   habitat isolation
C)   temporal isolation
D)   hybrid sterility
E)   gamete isolationF) A) and B)
G) All of the above E

Question 2

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true about the phylogenetic tree shown here?

Accepted Answer

A)   A combination of molecular data, fossil records, and anatomical homologies show the human is more closely related to the chimpanzee than to the green monkey.
B)   The green monkey and rhesus monkey cannot reproduce with each other because of a postzygotic isolating mechanism.
C)   The chimpanzee and human must have evolved as a result of allopatric speciation.
D)   There is no single common ancestor to all of the organisms displayed on this phylogenetic tree.
E)   The gibbon and human are no more closely related than the green monkey and human are.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Convergent evolution gives rise to analogous structures in unrelated taxa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following would be considered analogous structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   the forelimb of a bat and the forelimb of a horse
B)   the wings of a fly and the wings of a sparrow
C)   the pelvis of a human and the pelvis of a whale
D)   the flipper of a dolphin and the arm of a human
E)   the wings of a bird and the forelimb of a reptileF) None of the above
G) B) and E) B

Question 6

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)   genus - family - order - class - phylum
B)   phylum - order - class - family - species
C)   genus - order - family - class - phylum
D)   family - order - class - phylum - kingdom
E)   domain - kingdom - phylum - class - orderF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which event was not involved in the Permian mass extinction?

Accepted Answer

A)   dramatic environmental change
B)   shifting of wind patterns
C)   shifting of ocean currents
D)   a decrease in the amount of shallow marine habitat
E)   a large meteor impactF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Elaborate courtship behaviors in animals,such as the blue-footed booby of the Galápagos islands,is an example of which of the following reproductive barriers?

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral isolation
B)   mechanical isolation
C)   temporal isolation
D)   postzygotic isolation
E)   hybrid sterilityF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Members of two different species are never capable of mating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The presence of which feature is the first step to being classified in Domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A)   membrane-bound nucleus
B)   ribosomes
C)   cell wall
D)   chloroplast
E)   mitochondriaF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   postzygotic reproductive isolation - geographic isolation - natural selection
B)   geographic isolation - prezygotic reproductive isolation - genetic drift
C)   geographic isolation - natural selection - prezygotic reproductive isolation
D)   natural selection - postzygotic reproductive isolation - geographic isolation
E)   natural selection - prezygotic reproductive isolation - postzygotic reproductive isolationF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

The punctuated equilibrium model of evolution suggests that new species appear

Accepted Answer

A)   gradually; as groups become isolated, they slowly evolve through their own individual pathway.
B)   only after older species disappear from the fossil record.
C)   suddenly after long periods of time with little to no change.
D)   gradually after long periods of time with little to no change; as groups become isolated, they slowly evolve through their own individual pathway.
E)   gradually, but over very short periods of time, so that intermediate species are often observed in the fossil record.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Shared derived traits

Accepted Answer

A)   are shared only by common ancestors.
B)   are shared by all organisms on the cladogram.
C)   are found within members of the outgroup.
D)   are homologies found in only certain members of the ingroup.
E)   are homologies found between the ingroup and the outgroup.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Accepted Answer

A)   The two species occupy different habitats.
B)   The two species are active during different parts of the day.
C)   The two species mate during different times of the year.
D)   The two species have incompatible genitalia.
E)   The two species can mate, but the offspring are sterile.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Accepted Answer

A)   molecular evidence and anatomical homologies.
B)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, and fossil records.
C)   molecular evidence, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.
D)   molecular evidence and fossil records.
E)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA)genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the figure shown here,the letter W represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   the common ancestor for Y and Z
B)   the common ancestor for U
C)   the ancestor for Z
D)   the common ancestor for X and Y
E)   the common ancestor for X, Y, and ZF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Sympatric speciation occurs more commonly in which types of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   plants
B)   humans
C)   birds
D)   fish
E)   insectsF) A) and B)
G) B) and C) A

Question 20

Allopatric speciation is compatible with both the gradualistic and punctuated equilibrium models of evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple.This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about the phylogenetic tree shown here?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Convergent evolution gives rise to analogous structures in unrelated taxa.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be considered analogous structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which event was not involved in the Permian mass extinction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elaborate courtship behaviors in animals,such as the blue-footed booby of the Galápagos islands,is an example of which of the following reproductive barriers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Members of two different species are never capable of mating.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of which feature is the first step to being classified in Domain Eukarya?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The punctuated equilibrium model of evolution suggests that new species appear

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shared derived traits

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA)genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the figure shown here,the letter W represents which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympatric speciation occurs more commonly in which types of organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Allopatric speciation is compatible with both the gradualistic and punctuated equilibrium models of evolution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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E

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B

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A

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