Question 1

Transmission of nerve impulses relies on the concentrations of ______ in the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium and magnesium
B)  B vitamins
C)  sodium and potassium
D)  cholesterolE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

When a nutrient moves,with the help of a carrier,from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower,this is called

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion.
B)  phagocytosis.
C)  passive diffusion.
D)  active absorption.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Constipation can best be prevented by

Accepted Answer

A)  consuming adequate dietary fiber.
B)  restricting fluids.
C)  restricting physical exercise.
D)  using laxatives.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

All of the following must be supplied by the diet to support the chemical processes of human physiology except

Accepted Answer

A)  phytochemicals.
B)  lipids.
C)  vitamins and minerals.
D)  carbohydrates.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes.
B)  mitochondria.
C)  nuclei.
D)  lysosomes.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Breaks apart food particles
B)  Controls passage of food through the GI tract
C)  Controls peristalsis
D)  Releases enzymes and hormones into the GI tractE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The most active area for the absorption of nutrients into the body is the

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach.
B)  small intestine.
C)  large intestine.
D)  liver.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prevents esophageal contents from emptying too quickly into the stomach
B)  Prevents stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus
C)  Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach
D)  Prevents intestinal contents from emptying too quickly into the colonE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

A recurrent and serious form of heartburn is called

Accepted Answer

A)  pernicious anemia.
B)  eosinophilic esophagitis.
C)  gastroesophageal reflux disease.
D)  atrophic gastritis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

When a nutrient moves freely from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower,this is called

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion.
B)  passive diffusion.
C)  active absorption.
D)  phagocytosis.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is not a short-term storage site for carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood
B)  Liver
C)  Muscle
D)  BrainE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

A major function of the large intestine is to absorb

Accepted Answer

A)  fats and proteins.
B)  water-soluble vitamins.
C)  water and minerals.
D)  dietary fiber.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines
B)  The semisolid mass of undigested food that is swallowed
C)  The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion
D)  A thick,viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juicesE) C) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 14

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Accepted Answer

A)  a bolus.
B)  feces.
C)  chyme.
D)  bile.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Peristalsis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  chewing and swallowing.
B)  the opening and closing of sphincters.
C)  the action of bile on dietary fat.
D)  muscular movement of materials through the GI tract.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Question 16

Which of the following organs is part of the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver
B)  Kidneys
C)  Colon
D)  GallbladderE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Most stomach ulcers are cause by ______ infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  E.coli
B)  Helicobacter pylori
C)  Clostridium botulinum
D)  SalmonellaE) C) and D)
F) B) and D) B

Question 18

After digestion and absorption,which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Portal
B)  Enterohepatic
C)  Lymphatic
D)  MesenteryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  One enzyme can speed many types of chemical processes.
B)  Enzymes are not sensitive to temperature.
C)  Enzymes that work in the acidic environment of the stomach cannot work in the basic or alkaline environment of the small intestine and vice versa.
D)  Enzymes typically work independently of vitamins or minerals.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The walls of the small intestine are folded,and within the folds are fingerlike projections called

Accepted Answer

A)  cilia.
B)  dendrites.
C)  rugae.
D)  villi.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: The Human Body: A Nutrition Perspective

Transmission of nerve impulses relies on the concentrations of ______ in the neuron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a nutrient moves,with the help of a carrier,from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower,this is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Constipation can best be prevented by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following must be supplied by the diet to support the chemical processes of human physiology except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most active area for the absorption of nutrients into the body is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recurrent and serious form of heartburn is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a nutrient moves freely from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower,this is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a short-term storage site for carbohydrates in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major function of the large intestine is to absorb

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peristalsis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following organs is part of the GI tract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most stomach ulcers are cause by ______ infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

After digestion and absorption,which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The walls of the small intestine are folded,and within the folds are fingerlike projections called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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D

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B

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