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Which of the following is a characteristic of the growth stage of the product life cycle?


A) a switch to primary demand
B) a growing proportion of repeat purchasers to initial purchasers
C) The number of distribution outlets shrinks due to growing inefficiencies.
D) Profit margins increase as sales increase.
E) No new product features are added to maximize profits.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Gatorade is classified as a __________ brand.


A) domestic
B) regional
C) international
D) global
E) nationwide

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Advertising and promotion costs tend to be higher with a __________ strategy because the company must generate awareness among consumers and retailers for each new brand name without the benefit of any previous impressions.


A) co-branding
B) private branding
C) multibranding
D) multiproduct branding
E) mixed branding

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Subbranding involves __________.


A) having one firm manufacture a product and a second firm distribute it all under the same name
B) changing a brand name of a product line extension product by making it "New and Improved!"
C) combining a corporate brand with a new brand to distinguish a part of its product line from others
D) creating a "knock-off" version of a product and changing the spelling of the name (chicken to "chikin" as is the case with Chick-Fil-A)
E) using the same name for the original product and all subsequent product line and brand extensions

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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preference for a specific brand is called __________ demand.


A) selective
B) secondary
C) primary
D) derived
E) generic

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following is NOT true about a multibranding strategy?


A) With a multibranding strategy, there is no risk that a product failure will affect other products in the line.
B) Some large firms have found that the complexity and expense of implementing a multibrand strategy outweigh its benefits.
C) With a multibranding strategy, each brand is unique to each market segment.
D) A multibranding strategy is used when a firm produces products and sells them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer.
E) Some multibrands are introduced to confront competitors' brands.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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the four sequential steps used to develop brand equity.Which step is the most difficult?

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The first step is to develop a positive ...

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strategy of dropping a product from the product line during the decline stage of the product life cycle is referred to as __________.


A) trimming
B) elimination
C) paring down
D) deletion
E) harvesting

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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is multiproduct branding? What are its advantages? Disadvantages?

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Multiproduct branding occurs when a comp...

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During the introduction stage of the product life cycle,the strategy that discourages competitive entry by charging a low price for a new product is referred to as __________ pricing.


A) penetration
B) cost-plus
C) target ROI
D) below-market
E) skimming

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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Georgia-Pacific reduced the content of its Brawny paper towel six-roll pack by 20 percent without lowering the price.Georgia-Pacific used a __________ strategy.


A) top-down packaging
B) trading up
C) shrinkage
D) downsizing
E) product modification

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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product has been suffering from steadily eroding sales.You have tried a number of options to revitalize the product's sales and profits,but after seven changes in your strategy,you have yet to find success.Which of the following actions would be the LEAST appropriate next step?


A) delete the product from the line
B) retain the product, but reduce its marketing costs
C) stimulate primary demand
D) stimulate selective demand
E) rebrand the product

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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few years ago,Who Wants to Be a Millionaire premiered as the first nighttime TV game show in several decades.The marketing goals for the show included making television viewers aware of its existence and generating enough excitement about the show so that millions of viewers would watch the first episode.Based on this description,the TV show was in what stage of its product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) accelerated development

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Products that experience rapid sales on introduction and then an equally rapid decline are called __________ products.


A) high-learning
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) fad
E) primary

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Managers often use two special indexes to help identify strong and weak market segments in order to provide direction for marketing efforts.The two indexes are (1) __________ (CDI) and (2) brand development index (BDI) .


A) category development index
B) consumer development index
C) competitive development index
D) channel development index
E) customization development index

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Products that are introduced,decline,and seem to return are characteristic of the __________ type of product life cycle.


A) high-learning
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) fad
E) generalized

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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of the following types of warranties are discussed in the text EXCEPT _____ warranties.


A) limited-coverage
B) express
C) full
D) implied
E) lifetime

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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four steps in the sequential building process of brand equity include __________,establishing a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers,eliciting the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning,and creating a consumer-brand connection.


A) developing positive brand awareness
B) lowering the price of products
C) easing consumers' decision making
D) incorporating higher value in products
E) creating market modification

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements about product line extensions is most accurate?


A) A product line extension strategy typically leads to increased advertising costs.
B) There are no risks associated with a product line extension strategy.
C) When the Clorox Company joins with Kroger supermarkets to advertise Clorox products in a local newspaper, it is engaged in a product line extension.
D) A product line extension is used with multiproduct branding.
E) A product line extension is used with multibranding.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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product adopters,members of the early majority __________.


A) have a fear of debt and use neighbors and friends as information sources
B) are skeptical and have below average social status
C) are deliberate and use many informal social contacts
D) are leaders in social settings and have a slightly above average education
E) are venturesome, highly educated, and use multiple information sources

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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