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Exam 26: Relativity

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Question 21

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The period of an oscillating weight on a spring in an inertial frame of reference is 2.5 s.What would be its speed if it were to move by an observer who measures its period as 3.4 s? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s)

A) 1.5 × l0⁸ m/s
B) 2.0 × 10⁸ m/s
C) 2.8 × l0⁸ m/s
D) 6.8 × 10⁷ m/s
E) ​1.3 × 10⁸ m/s

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Question 22

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A spaceship of mass 10⁶ kg is to be accelerated to 0.75c.How much energy does this require?

A) 13.61 × 10²³ J
B) 5.95 × 10²³ J
C) 5.06 × 10²² J
D) ​4.61 × 10²² J
E) ​27.00 × 10²³ J

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Question 23

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An object moves by an observer at 0.400c.The total energy of the object will be what factor times that of the rest energy?

The relativistic effect of time dilation has been verified by which of the following?

A particle of mass m is moving at speed v = c/2.At what speed does the particle have double the momentum that it has at ​v​ = ​c​/2?

According to the special theory of relativity,if a 30-year old astronaut sent on a space mission is accelerated to speeds close to that of light,and then returns to Earth after 20 years as measured on Earth,what would be his biological age upon returning?

A muon formed high in the Earth's atmosphere travels at a speed 0.870c for a distance of 4.00 km before it decays.What is the muon's lifetime as measured in its reference frame?

Which statement regarding Einstein's theories is correct?​

Einstein's theory of relativity is based in part on which one of the following postulates?

The observed relativistic length of a super rocket moving by the observer at 0.70c will be what factor times that of the measured rocket length if it were at rest?

If astronauts could travel at v = 0.90c,we on Earth would say it takes (4.2/0.90) = 4.7 years to reach Alpha Centauri,4.2 lightyears away.The astronauts disagree.How much time passes on the astronaut's clocks?

A boxcar without a front or a back is moving toward the right.Two electrons move through the boxcar,one moving from back to front toward the right,the other moving from front to back toward the left.According to me,each electron is moving with a speed of 0.8c,and the boxcar is moving with a speed of 0.6c.A passenger in the boxcar records how long it takes each electron to pass from one end of the boxcar to the other end.According to the passenger,which took longer?

In an x-ray tube,high-speed electrons are slammed into a lead target,giving off x-rays.If the electrons are accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 160 000 volts,what speed do they have when they strike the target? (q_e = 1.6 × 10−¹⁹ C,m_e = 9.11 × 10−³¹ kg,and c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s)

In a test of equipment the following procedure is carried out.Spacecraft №1 is traveling at 0.75c and fires a laser pulse in the forward direction at Spacecraft №2,which is testing its device that measures the speed of laser pulses as they pass by the spacecraft.Spacecraft №2 is traveling at 0.95c in a direction away from Spacecraft №1.The device is working properly,and the speed of the pulse as it passes is successfully measured.What is the speed of the laser pulse measured in this case?

​What is the relativistic momentum of a proton traveling at 0.97c?

The total energy of a particle

From a stationary position,I observe a moving boxcar,which has a mirror along the front wall,but it is open at the back of the boxcar.I send a flash of light from my flashlight and time the flash of light as it goes to the front of the boxcar and returns to the back of the boxcar.A passenger in the boxcar also times the round trip of the flash of light.Previously I had measured the time required for the round trip of a flash of light when the boxcar was stationary,and I call this the stationary time.Which two times are the same?

In 2015,gravity waves were observed using which device?​

The significant result of the Michelson-Morley experiment was that it found

A mass is bouncing on the end of a spring with a period T when measured by a ground observer.What would the period of oscillation be (as measured by the same observer) if the mass and spring were moving past the ground observer at a speed of 0.600c?