Question 1

Which may be a secondary or tertiary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)  producer
B)  herbivore
C)  photoautotrophs
D)  autotroph
E)  carnivoreF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 2

In a grassland biome,which organism would most likely be at the highest trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A)  hawk
B)  big bluestem grass
C)  sparrow
D)  caterpillar
E)  mouseF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Nitrification refers to the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen gas.
B)  nitrate.
C)  nitrite.
D)  ammonia.
E)  ammonium.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Deposits of coal are important in the carbon cycle because they

Accepted Answer

A)  keep humans from burning more trees by serving as a fuel source.
B)  serve as a reservoir of carbon that will eventually be released into the ecosystem.
C)  lock up carbon so that it can never be returned to the atmosphere to make global warming increase.
D)  make carbon readily available to plants through their roots growing down into the coal deposit.
E)  serve as short-term storage for carbons.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

The first step in the use of carbon by living organisms occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  humans.
B)  vertebrates.
C)  invertebrates.
D)  green plants.
E)  soil bacteria.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following organisms would be considered a decomposer?

Accepted Answer

A)  green algae
B)  green plant
C)  caterpillar
D)  bird
E)  mushroomF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  the food chain
B)  inorganic nutrients
C)  water availability
D)  temperature
E)  sunlightF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

In an experiment carried out to study the energy flow through an ecosystem,scientists measured the total solar energy captured by plants to be 10,000 kilocalories.The portion of this available to the next trophic level will be

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 kilocalories.
B)  1,000 kilocalories.
C)  100 kilocalories.
D)  10 kilocalories.
E)  1 kilocalorie.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Fungi and bacteria are detritus-feeders,also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  omnivores.
B)  herbivores.
C)  decomposers.
D)  autotrophs.
E)  carnivores.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Concerning the nitrogen cycle,which of these is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It requires a number of different types of bacteria.
B)  Plants can take in and use nitrogen from the air by using their leaves.
C)  Ammonium in the soil is converted to nitrite by nitrite-producing bacteria and then nitrite is converted to nitrate by nitrate-producing bacteria.
D)  Eventually,organic nitrogen becomes inorganic nitrogen again.
E)  Human activities increase the nitrogen fixation rate.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Approximately what percentage of the energy in one trophic level becomes incorporated into the next level?

Accepted Answer

A)  1%
B)  10%
C)  30%
D)  60%
E)  100%F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true about a food web?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains many food chains.
B)  It contains several trophic levels.
C)  It is usually stable.
D)  It interacts with the physical environment.
E)  It uses only the carbon cycle.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Less energy is available at the next trophic level because

Accepted Answer

A)  all the food is captured and eaten before it can reach the next trophic level.
B)  all of the food eaten is digested and absorbed.
C)  only a portion of the food that is digested can be used to make ATP.
D)  all of the absorbed food molecules are used as an energy source for ATP buildup in mitochondria.
E)  all of the food is absorbed,but not all can be used to make ATP.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

A detritus food chain begins

Accepted Answer

A)  in the ocean.
B)  with a producer.
C)  with decaying matter.
D)  with air pollution.
E)  with fungi.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

In the following food chain,which organism is at the third trophic level? grass  →\rightarrow→  rabbits  →\rightarrow→ snakes  →\rightarrow→  hawks  →\rightarrow→  foxes

Accepted Answer

A)  grass
B)  rabbits
C)  snakes
D)  hawks
E)  foxes F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Which biogeochemical cycle is directly associated with fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon
B)  nitrogen
C)  hydrological
D)  phosphorus
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

What eventually happens to the energy that is passed from one trophic level to the next in a food chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  It recycles back to the producers.
B)  It results in a much larger decomposer population.
C)  It is dissipated into the atmosphere in the form of heat.
D)  It is recaptured by another food chain.
E)  It is eventually sealed in fossil fuels such as coal and oil.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT required in robust chemical cycling of inorganic nutrients in a natural ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  a reservoir for the element in the earth
B)  the biotic community and its food chains
C)  an exchange pool from which producers draw nutrients
D)  weather
E)  plants and animalsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Ecologists have found that

Accepted Answer

A)  life as we know it does not match the energy laws of physics.
B)  ecology cannot be explained using principles from chemistry and physics.
C)  it is possible to capture all the photosynthetic energy absorbed in a molecule of glucose.
D)  energy flows one way through an ecosystem and requires an external input.
E)  inorganic elements flow through an ecosystem.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a carbon reservoir?

Accepted Answer

A)  living organisms
B)  dead organisms
C)  coal
D)  ammonium and nitrates
E)  inorganic carbonate in limestone/carbonaceous shellsF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 35: Nature of Ecosystems

Less energy is available at the next trophic level because

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In the following food chain,which organism is at the third trophic level? grass →\rightarrow→ rabbits →\rightarrow→ snakes →\rightarrow→ hawks →\rightarrow→ foxes

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Concerning the nitrogen cycle,which of these is NOT true?

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Which biogeochemical cycle is directly associated with fossil fuels?

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A detritus food chain begins

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In an experiment carried out to study the energy flow through an ecosystem,scientists measured the total solar energy captured by plants to be 10,000 kilocalories.The portion of this available to the next trophic level will be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a grassland biome,which organism would most likely be at the highest trophic level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What eventually happens to the energy that is passed from one trophic level to the next in a food chain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ecologists have found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT required in robust chemical cycling of inorganic nutrients in a natural ecosystem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a carbon reservoir?

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Nitrification refers to the production of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first step in the use of carbon by living organisms occurs in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fungi and bacteria are detritus-feeders,also known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about a food web?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the energy in one trophic level becomes incorporated into the next level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which may be a secondary or tertiary consumer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deposits of coal are important in the carbon cycle because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following organisms would be considered a decomposer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In the following food chain,which organism is at the third trophic level? grass $\rightarrow$ rabbits $\rightarrow$ snakes $\rightarrow$ hawks $\rightarrow$ foxes

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