Question 1

You observe two groups of frogs that are closely related. Males from each group "sing" with a species-specific song to attract a female frog. Females only respond to songs sung by males of their species. This is an example of _____ separation and _____-zygotic reproductive isolation between two species.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecological; pre
B)  ecological; post
C)  behavioral; pre
D)  behavioral; postE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

If an organism has four copies of each chromosome, then it is:

Accepted Answer

A)  aneuploidy.
B)  diploid.
C)  haploid.
D)  tetraploid.
E)  polyploidy.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Speciation due to genetic drift is typically a very _____ process.

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid
B)  slow
C)  convergent
D)  dispersiveE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

The biological species concept states that species are actually or potentially _____ populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  interbreeding
B)  cohabitating
C)  naturally selected
D)  physically similar
E)  genetically identicalF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Speciation always involves geographical separation of some kind between the two organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Several species of fireflies are active on the same summer nights in the same fields. Males and females recognize one another by their distinctive flashing patterns. This is an example of what kind of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-zygotic, behavioral isolation
B)  pre-zygotic, temporal separation
C)  pre-zygotic, ecological separation
D)  post-zygotic, lock and key
E)  post-zygotic, ecological separationF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 7

If natural selection is the driving force for speciation of two competing subspecies, you would expect to see a bell-shaped distribution of selected phenotypes after selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following species concepts is described by populations that are not in direct physical or reproductive contact, but do exchange genetic material through linking populations of the same species?

Accepted Answer

A)  ring species
B)  ecological species
C)  evolutionary speciesD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of species?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability of all members to exchange genetic material with one another
B)  the ability to produce fertile progeny
C)  individuals in different phases of development have different numbers of chromosomes
D)  a common evolutionary ancestry among all individuals
E)  shared characteristics such as shape, size, and color (in individuals of the same life stage and sex) F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

_____ is the gradual emergence of two or more species as a result of the geographic separation of two or more groups of animals of the same species.

Accepted Answer

A)  Allopatric
B)  Adaptive speciation
C)  Co-speciation
D)  Sympatric speciation
E)  Instantaneous speciationF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

In _____ speciation, there is gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species. In _____ speciation, there is no gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species.

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric; sympatric
B)  sympatric; allopatric
C)  Both allopatric and sympatric are applicable to either description.
D)  Neither allopatric nor sympatric is applicable to either description.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

While in South America, you come across what you think are two groups of birds in the same location. They are nearly identical aside from their color. After years of observation, you conclude that the birds eat similar diets and share similar behaviors but do not reproduce with each other. These groups of birds appear to be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single biological species.
B)  a single ecological species.
C)  ring species.
D)  two different species on the basis of the ecological niche occupied.
E)  two different species on the basis of reproductive behavior.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

It is difficult to apply the biological species concept to bacteria because:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria are haploid.
B)  bacterial reproduction is asexual.
C)  bacteria are not considered species because they lack morphological variation.
D)  bacteria are found everywhere, there are no individual populations or species.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

You begin an experiment with two populations of E. coli that are each composed of 100 cells. The cells are all genetically identical (i.e., they are clones) . You grow them up in flasks on a lab bench under identical conditions with unlimited resources. After 10,000 generations, you analyze the genome of each population. Do you expect the genomes of each population to be identical after 10,000 generations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, because the starting populations were genetically identical.
B)  Yes, because resources were unlimited.
C)  Yes, because the same mutations will accumulate independently in each population.
D)  No, because natural selection was not a factor at any point in this experiment.
E)  No, because mutation and natural selection (once genetic variation is present) were factors in this experiment.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following describes reinforcement of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the physical separation of two populations with diverging characteristics
B)  the reduced fitness of hybrid offspring
C)  the ability to identify and preferentially mate with only members of the same population
D)  an outbreak of disease that wipes out one of the two populations that would otherwise mate and form hybrid offspringE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

You begin an experiment with two populations of E. coli that are each composed of 100 cells. The cells are all genetically identical (i.e., they are clones). You grow these populations in flasks on a lab bench under identical conditions with unlimited resources. What process will introduce genetic variation into these populations? Will identical genetic changes occur in each flask?

Accepted Answer

Mutation. The changes will pro...

Question 17

Which of the following species concepts might differentiate species on the basis of specific dietary requirements?

Accepted Answer

A)  ring species
B)  ecological species
C)  evolutionary speciesD) B) and C)
E) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following statements reflects one way that two different species can produce hybrid offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are post-zygotically isolated, but occasionally will mate anyway.
B)  The two species are probably hybrids as well, so reproduction can occur between the two.
C)  The amount of divergence between the two species allows for production of offspring, but they are sterile.
D)  They are distantly related but occupy similar habitats.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

Consider the two phylogenies below of five species of related flowers that hold nectar as a reward for their pollinators, five related species of moths, in their spur.  The similar pattern of the phylogenies suggests the characteristics coevolved with one another. Which of the following is an accurate statement reflecting the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flowers and moths experienced the same allopatric speciation events during their history.
B)  The flowers and moths coevolved, so that spur-length and tongue-length each evolved because of changes in the other.
C)  The flowers and moths cannot co-speciate because co-speciation only occurs in host-parasite relationships.
D)  This is not an example of co-speciation. Each phylogeny represents the variation present in each population of the flower and the moth.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

You observe two groups of freshwater fish that spawn at the same time of the year and in the same pond. After females lay their eggs on the pond bottom, males of both species attempt to fertilize them. After some investigation you realize that sperm from both species fertilize the eggs, but embryonic development stops shortly after fertilization when the eggs are fertilized by one species of males, but not by the other. This is an example of _____-zygotic reproductive isolation between the two species.

Accepted Answer

A)  pre
B)  postC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Exam 22: Species and Speciation

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Mutation. The changes will pro...
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Which of the following describes reinforcement of reproductive isolation?

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Which of the following species concepts is described by populations that are not in direct physical or reproductive contact, but do exchange genetic material through linking populations of the same species?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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You observe two groups of frogs that are closely related. Males from each group "sing" with a species-specific song to attract a female frog. Females only respond to songs sung by males of their species. This is an example of _ separation and _-zygotic reproductive isolation between two species.

Correct Answer
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_____ is the gradual emergence of two or more species as a result of the geographic separation of two or more groups of animals of the same species.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of species?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following species concepts might differentiate species on the basis of specific dietary requirements?

Correct Answer
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If natural selection is the driving force for speciation of two competing subspecies, you would expect to see a bell-shaped distribution of selected phenotypes after selection.

Correct Answer
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If an organism has four copies of each chromosome, then it is:

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The biological species concept states that species are actually or potentially _____ populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

Correct Answer
verified

Speciation always involves geographical separation of some kind between the two organisms.

Correct Answer
verified

Speciation due to genetic drift is typically a very _____ process.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements reflects one way that two different species can produce hybrid offspring?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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It is difficult to apply the biological species concept to bacteria because:

Correct Answer
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In _ speciation, there is gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species. In _ speciation, there is no gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species.

Correct Answer
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Several species of fireflies are active on the same summer nights in the same fields. Males and females recognize one another by their distinctive flashing patterns. This is an example of what kind of reproductive isolation?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: Species and Speciation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedMutation. The changes will pro...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following describes reinforcement of reproductive isolation?

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Which of the following species concepts is described by populations that are not in direct physical or reproductive contact, but do exchange genetic material through linking populations of the same species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is the gradual emergence of two or more species as a result of the geographic separation of two or more groups of animals of the same species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following species concepts might differentiate species on the basis of specific dietary requirements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If natural selection is the driving force for speciation of two competing subspecies, you would expect to see a bell-shaped distribution of selected phenotypes after selection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an organism has four copies of each chromosome, then it is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biological species concept states that species are actually or potentially _____ populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciation always involves geographical separation of some kind between the two organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciation due to genetic drift is typically a very _____ process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements reflects one way that two different species can produce hybrid offspring?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is difficult to apply the biological species concept to bacteria because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _____ speciation, there is gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species. In _____ speciation, there is no gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Several species of fireflies are active on the same summer nights in the same fields. Males and females recognize one another by their distinctive flashing patterns. This is an example of what kind of reproductive isolation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Mutation. The changes will pro...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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In _ speciation, there is gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species. In _ speciation, there is no gene flow between populations that are in the process of diverging into two or more species.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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